The narrative of
Bunyan's progress in his conversion is, without exception, the most astonishing
of any that has been published. It is well calculated to excite the profoundest
investigation of the Christian philosopher. Whence came to those sudden
suggestions, those gloomy fears, those heavenly rays of joy? Much learning
certainly did not make him mad. The Christian dares not attribute his intense
feelings to a distempered brain. Whence came to the invisible power that struck
Paul from his horse? Who was it that scared Job with dreams, and terrified him
with visions? What messenger of Satan buffeted Paul? Who put 'a new song' into
the mouth of David? We have no space in this short memoir to attempt the
drawing a line between convictions of sin and the terrors of a distempered
brain. Bunyan's opinions upon this subject are deeply interesting and are
fully developed in his Holy War. The capabilities of the soul to entertain vast
armies of thoughts, strong and feeble, represented as men, women, and children,
are so great as almost to perplex the strongest understanding. All these
multitudes of warriors are the innumerable thoughts—the strife—in ONE soul.
Upon such a subject an interesting volume might be written. But we must fix our
attention upon the poor tinker who was the subject of this wondrous war.
The tender and wise
efforts of Mrs. Bunyan to reclaim her husband, were attended by the Divine
blessing, and soon led to many resolutions, on his part, to curb his sinful
propensities and to promote an outward reformation; his first effort was
regularly to attend Divine worship.
He says, 'I fell in
very eagerly with the religion of the times, to wit, to go to church twice a day, and that too with the foremost; and there should very devoutly both say
and sing as others did, yet retaining my wicked life; but withal, I was so
overrun with a spirit of superstition, that I adored, and that with great
devotion, even all things, both the high-place, priest, clerk, vestment,
service, and what else belongs to the Church; counting all things holy that
were therein contained, and especially, the priest and clerk most happy, and
without doubt greatly blessed, because they were the servants, as I then thought,
of God, and were principal in the holy temple, to do his work therein. This
conceit grew so strong in little time upon my spirit, that had I but seen a
priest, though never so sordid and debauched in his life,[50] I should find my
spirit fall under him, reverence him, and knit unto him; yea, I thought, for
the love, I did bear unto them, supposing they were the ministers of God, I
could have lain down at their feet, and have been trampled upon by them; their
name, their garb, and work did so intoxicate and bewitch me.'
All this took place
at the time when The Book of Common Prayer, having been said to occasion
'manifold inconveniency,' was, by an Act of Parliament, 'abolished,' and by a
subsequent Act prohibited, under severe penalties, from being publicly used.
The 'manifold inconveniences' to which the Act refers, arose from differences
of opinion as to the propriety of the form which had been enforced, heightened
by the enormous cruelties practiced upon multitudes who refused to use it. Opposition
to the English Liturgy as more combined in Scotland, by a covenant entered
into, June 20, 1580, by the king, lords, nobles, and people, against Popery;
and upon Archbishop Laud's attempt, in 1637, to impose the service-book upon
our northern neighbours, tumults, and bloodshed ensued; until, in 1643, a new
and very solemn league and covenant were entered into, which, in 1645, extended
its influence to England, being subscribed by thousands of our best citizens,
with many of the nobility—' wherein we all subscribe, and each with his own
hands lifted up to the Highest God, doe swear'; that being the mode of taking
an oath, instead of kissing the cover of a book, as is now practiced. The
cruel and intemperate measures of Laud, and the zeal of Charles, for priestly
domination over conscience, may be justly attributed to the wars which desolated
the country, while the solemn league and covenant brought an overwhelming force
to aid the Parliament in redressing the grievances of the kingdom.
